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Browsing Conference by Author "A. Abdelmula, Awadalla"
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    Effect of Terminal Heat Stress on Performance of Five Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) Genotypes Grown Under Semi-arid Conditions of Sudan
    (UOFK, 2014-02) K. Kirra, Ahmed ; A. Abdelmula, Awadalla ; M. Gasim, Seif
    The objective of this study was to investigate the performance of five faba bean (Vicia faba L.) genotypes under end-of-season heat stress in the Demonstration Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Shambat-Sudan. Two sowing dates were used; namely, optimum sowing date (15 November) and late sowing date (15 December) to induce heat stress at the end of the season. A split plot design with three replicates was used to lay out the experiment. Terminal heat stress (late sowing) reduced the number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod and 100-seed weight by 26%, whereas the reduction in seed yield/plant and seed yield/ha was 46%. Under terminal heat stress, the genotype Hudeiba/93 gave the highest yield (2090.0 kg/ha) and the genotype Shabah gave the lowest yield (1198.8 kg/ha). The yield/ha for the genotypes under the optimum sowing was 3023.2 kg and 2987.2 kg, respectively. Under the optimum sowing date, the genotype Basabier gave the highest yield/ha (4053.5 kg/ha) whereas the genotype Ed-Damar gave the lowest yield (2768.7 kg/ha). The genotype × sowing date interaction showed significant differences for yield/ha. It is concluded that, although the genotypes showed great variability for the effect of end-season heat, any delay in faba bean sowing date will significantly reduce yield, irrespective of the genotypes used.
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    Heterosis and Combining Abilities for Yield and Quality Traits in Forage Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]
    ( 2014-02) I. Ahmed, Mohammed ; A. Abdelmula, Awadalla ; I. Mohammed, Maarouf ; M. Gasim, Seif Eldin
    This study was conducted to estimate the magnitude of heterosis and combining abilities (general and specific) for forage yield and quality characters of forage sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]. Five exotic cytoplasmic male sterile lines of forage sorghum were crossed with 11 fertile local inbred lines, as testers, to produce 55 F1-hybrids. Both parental lines and their F1-hybrids were field-evaluated for yield and quality traits at four environments. These environments were Shambat summer 2007, Shambat winter 2007, Ed-Duiem summer 2008 and Ed-Duiem winter 2008. The magnitudes of mid-parent (MPH%), better-parent (BPH%) and standard (STH%) heterosis were estimated. Also, line × tester analysis was performed to estimate general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining abilities among parental lines as well as F1-hybrids. The results revealed high estimates of heterosis for forage fresh and dry yields. The predominance of additive gene effect was high for forage fresh and dry yields, whereas there was predominance of non-additive gene effect for most of the quality traits. For forage fresh and dry yields, the testers exhibited higher contribution to the GCA variance than the lines. The best general combiners for forage yield were Aklamoi and Kambal among testers and Atlas and E.Sumac among lines. Lines E.Sumac and Blue Ribbon and testers Wad Ahmed and S.42ANK were the best general combiners for forage quality traits. The highest SCA effect for forage yield was given by the hybrid E.Sumac x Aklamoi. Therefore, based on the GCA results, it is concluded that the most suitable parental lines for improving forage yield are Aklamoi and Kambal among testers and E.Sumac and Atlas among lines. However, Wad Ahmed and S.42ANK from testers and E.Sumac and Blue Ribbon from lines are the most appropriate ones for improving forage quality.