Department of Oil and Natural Gas
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ItemComputer Program For Directional Drilling Design(university of khartoum, 2015)Directional drilling is a very costly and complicated operation and so every step during this operation must be well planned and designed accurately , because any mistakes will lead to a great loss of time , money and effort , and by designing this software we are trying to avoid these mistakes. The objective of this project is to achieve all necessary survey calculations of the well trajectory design for all the directional drilling well profiles, in addition to give the user a clear visualization of the well trajectory through plotting of chart in top view and side view as well as 3D chart for survey and plan purposes. A software called CDD (Computerized Directional Drilling) employing the minimum curvature method was developed to achieve these calculations and therefore minimize the uncertainty and risks related to hitting a predetermined target. Then a case study was made to determine the accuracy of the software, and then economic analysis was made to show the effect of directional drilling on the drilling economics
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ItemThe Study Of Calcium Carbonate Scale Software Supported(university of khartoum, 2015)Scale formation is a major problem faces oilfield operations due to the fact that the mixture of formation water and produced water cannot be avoided as we use the produced water to EOR operations. Scale formation specially calcium carbonate scale (CaCO3) may restrict the flow which leads to severe problems: production damage, emergency shutdown, and huge amount of costs due to maintenance and workover operations. There are many methods used for preventing and removal of scale which have high costs. In this project, predictive software is presented to predict the potential of formation of CaCO3 as a function of: pressure, temperature, CO2 partial pressure, supersaturation, and ionic strength. Which saves time and money.
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ItemOptimization of cyclic steam stimulation (CSS) using (CMG) software to increase the recovery factor(university of khartoum, 2015)While searching to optimize the production rate dealing with a treatment of heavy oil crude in FNE, Fula North East “FNE” is a perfect nominee to this thermal recovery according to its high density “0.95” and high viscosity “727.33cp”. Since Cyclic Steam Stimulation (C.S.S) is one of the most proper and significant thermal recovery process. The prosperity of this technique is defined by a number of drive mechanisms like; viscosity reduction which is the most important one and the main goal of utilizing C.S.S., the expansion of gas, wettability, etc... C.S.S. is applied to make the intended sector of the reservoir adjacent the wellbore being hot to heat up that region by recurrent and chronic injection of steam. In this process, a single well (horizontal or vertical) is fixed to act as an injector and producer at the same time, and by a collection of three phases; injection, soak and production, a cycle of C.S.S is formed and this cycle is frequently done on the single well to improve the rate of production. To heat up the crude in the vicinity of the reservoir, injection of steam into the well is made for a while to reach a degree of temperature at which the oil can mobile and easily flows when adequacy quantity of steam has been applied. After that, at the second phase stage which is called the soaking phase, the steam is left to soak for a while by closing the well for a short time (a period not exceeding few days). The steam heats the largest possible area in the reservoir followed by the reduction of oil viscosity. Finally as a last step in a cycle, the well is opened again and begins to produce naturally by drive mechanisms or artificially by lifting processes. This final stage is called production stage. When the reservoir temperature fall and the oil rate reached its peak then reduced, the old cycle of C.S.S. is applied again by making a new cycle by repeating the same steps of the previous cycle by a another amount of steam until reaching a commercial production level
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ItemModel Of Hydraulic Fracturing In Shale Gas Formation(university of khartoum, 2015)Hydraulic fracturing is an effective technique to enhance the recovery of gas and oil from low permeability formations. Fracture geometry is an essential aspect in hydraulic fracturing optimization. In this research a model (MYM) was developed to predict the geometry of the hydraulic fracture in shale formations and estimate shale gas production. After that a study was performed to identify the major parameters that affect fracture geometry. Previous models such as PKN and KGD which assume fixed height; pseudo-3D and planar-3D models which are complicated were studied. As a result of those problems of the mentioned models, MYM model was developed to exclude the assumption of fixed fracture height and to obtain more accurate results. It also introduces a new and simple equation to estimate the height of the fracture. MYM provides a modification for the half-length equation used by KGD which neglects fracture toughness and net pressure, this will influence fracture propagation noticeably. Fracture height and half-length equation were derived using dimensionless analysis. By using Sensitivity Analysis three rock properties were identified as the most important factors that affect fracture geometry, these parameters are Poisson's ratio, tensile strength and the fracture toughness.
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ItemDownhole Separation Technology(university of khartoum, 2014)Production management of produced water has become a major issue of hydrocarbon production, since the produced water increases as the field grows older and the cost of water handling, such as separation, treatment and repair is dramatically increasing. Management of produced water presents challenges and costs to operators. If the entire process of lifting, treating, and re-injecting can be avoided, costs and environmental impacts are likely to be reduced. With this idea in mind, during the 1990s, downhole separation emerged, in which the oil or gas rich stream is produced to the surface, while the water-rich stream is injected to an underground formation without ever being lifted to the surface or it can be produced separately to the surface. These devices are known as downhole oil/water separators (DOWS) and downhole gas/water separators (DGWS). Liquid-Liquid Hydro-Cyclones is an integral part of a down-hole oil water separation system. Despite performance and functionality of cyclones not being fully understood, they have created new ways for separating fluid down-hole for the producing formation and injecting separated water far away from the production interval. This study provides a full description of downhole separation technology, showing the types, advantages, requirements and limitations of the technology. The report also provides data on a wide range of field trails and from different locations. Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) was used to understand the behavior of the liquid-liquid hydro-cyclone in downhole conditions. It was also used to simulate the applicability and efficiency of separation using Liquid-Liquid Hydro-Cyclones in Well-04 in Heglig field in Sudan.