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Itemتخطيط الخدمات الاجتماعية في بعض المجاورات السكنية (مشاريع الموقع و الخدمات الاستثمارية)(University of Khartoum, 2017-09)The main objective of this paper is to study the planning of social services in some neighborhoods that are planned according to investment site and services approach. The government adopted this new approach to alleviate the subsidy on the land and sells it with its real cost and directs this subsidy to the basic services. Five neighborhoods are selected for the field survey, geographically distributed in the three towns: in Khartoum town- Seba and Alawda, in Khartoum North Alnakheel and Nebta and in Omdurman Elrehan. The paper analyzed the existing situation of planning of social services and compared it with the international standards. The paper concluded that some of these services e.g. educational are adequate in numbers but its areas are below standards also all the neighborhoods have health centers although the inhabitants are not sufficient except in Elrehan. The paper recommended that areas of social services must be compatible with international standards and provide corner shops and mosques in some neighborhoods .
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ItemExploring Sustainability in Providing Low‐Cost Housing in Khartoum‐ Sudan(University of Khartoum, 2018)The Sudanese housing policies encompass two main types of programs. The first one addresses the needs of all sectors of the population for the provision of plots through site and services schemes. The second type provides small built core units (Incremental housing) for the low‐ income groups. The aim of the paper is to examine the evolution of sustainable design of the core units built by the public sector for low‐income families. The research selected some low‐cost housing projects provided in different periods of time e.g. Duim project _1949, El shabiya project_1963, Al Iskan Project _1975 and state fund projects _2001 as case studied. The analysis focused on four parameters: the size of the project, the target group of inhabitants, the design of the core unit and the construction including building materials and technologies, these parameters are compared to U.N. Habitat principles of sustainable housing. The research found that old projects had comprehensive approach including socio‐_economic surveys of the intended inhabitants, while new projects put more emphasis on quantities of built units than on quality of housing. Former projects used cheap traditional building materials and technologies which is more sustainable than the expensive imported materials used in new projects. The research identified the introduction of mixed housing of different income levels in new projects that guaranteed social sustainability
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ItemPromoting Measurable Indicators of Sustainable Development of Open Areas in Neighborhoods with Special Reference to Khartoum Town Sudan(University of Khartoum, 2017)The research reported in this paper identified indicators for sustainable planning of open areas in neighbourhoods. The research was performed in the new residential developments in Khartoum Town (El Riyadh (1972), Nasr Extension (1972) and El Mujahedeen 1988), compared to older neighbourhoods (Khartoum (2) (1950), El Diem (1953), and Alamarat (1958)). The research problem is that some of these areas are typically single-use residential areas, with small undeveloped open spaces and poor landscape design. The research is aiming to study the planning of open spaces in these neighbourhoods; collect, analyse and classify the data to find its impact on the development of open spaces. Then set guidelines to achieve well-used open spaces that can best serve the general public. The research was concerned with recognition of good practices that lead to sustainable development of open areas and promoting measurable development indicators such as index of sufficiency, accessibility, safety of the users and social-inclusion dimensions. The analysis focuses on some physical parameters of open spaces e.g. area, fencing, green coverage and types of facilities available(lighting), and some behavioural parameters i.e. type of activities, group of users, developers and managers of open spaces. The results confirmed a lack of a comprehensive development programs and reliable statistics for open spaces that leads to poor variety of outdoor activities. The research found that most of the successful examples of developed open areas of the surveyed neighbourhoods are managed by community groups (public participation).
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ItemExamining Sustainable Mobility in Low-cost Neighborhoods in Khartoum-Sudan(University of Khartoum, 2018)By the beginning of the current century the state of Khartoum-Sudan starts giving direct support to low- income families by providing built houses to solve housing problem. The problem is that these neighborhoods lack proper standards of sustainable mobility. Five neighborhoods are selected as case studies. The research has two methodological phases: a comparison between neighbourhoods by criteria (geospatial data) describing their physical characteristics and field observation.The current situation of the neighborhoods were analyzed and the outcomes were compared with the UN Habitat model of sustainable neighborhood focusing on five parameters :location, proximity to potential work areas ,urban mobility street network characteristics and walkability .The research found that all the selected neighborhoods are accessible by private transportation (mini buses and cars) and within neighborhoods by Ructions . They have clear road hierarchy with no special roads dedicated for bicycles or pedestrians. Car ownership's ranging from 20 – 30 %. and there are no sufficient parking spaces. The research recommended adding sidewalks, parking spaces and green routs that can help identifying roads and improving their usability and giving priority to pedestrians, cyclists, and public transport. The research encouraged shared-use mobility services such as car sharing
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ItemEvaluating Neighborhoods Developed Open Spaces in Khartoum-Sudan(University of Khartoum, 2018)The research reported in this paper evaluted development of open areas in neighborhoods. The research was performed in the new neighborhoods in Khartoum town (Al Riyadh (1972), Nasr Extension (1972) and Al Mujahedeen (1988), compared to older neighborhoods (Khartoum -2 (1950), Al Diyum (1953), and Alamarat (1958)). The research aimed to study open spaces in these neighborhoods. compared characteristics of the selected neighborhoods, classified developed open spaces and evaluated the performance of each typology. The research promoted measurable development indicators such as availability, accessibility, safety and management. Then applied these indicators to analyse developed open spaces. The results confirmed a lack of a comprehensive development programs. The developed open spaces are 35 with total area of 154,050 m2 which represent only 27. 6 % of the total number of open spaces. The research found that old neighborhoods have higher index of sufficiency value than new neighborhoods e.g. Khartoum (2) (8.9) compared to Al-Mujahdeen (3.9). Also, first class residential areas have higher index value than third class areas e.g. Khartoum -2 (8.9) compared to Al-Diyum (7.7). The successful types of developed open spaces of the surveyed neighborhoods are Recreational open spaces and Community centers. Most of them are managed by community groups (public participation).