Department of Histopathology and Cytology

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    Comparison between Papanicolaou and May-Grunwald Giemsa stains in thyroid fine needle aspiration
    (university of khartoum, 2004) Ibrahim, Zeinab Abdallah
    This a descriptive study conducted in Khartoum to evaluate MGG stain compared to Pap stain in thyroid fine needle aspiration smears. More over to evaluate air-dried Pap stained smears after rehydrated in normal saline for 30 seconds. Three samples were obtained from each patient and the material was smeared into three labeled glass slides, wet fixed Pap stained smears(WP),air-dried Pap stained smears(DP)and dry MGG stained smears(DMGG). The staining quality of all samples were assessed, and the T test was used to compare between MGG and Pap stains and to evaluate the effect of rehydrated air-dried smears on Pap stain. The result of comparison between MGG and Pap stain revealed that there was no significance difference between them(P>0.05). while the comparison between wet fixed and air-dried Pap stained smears showed that was significance difference between them(P<0.05). The staining quality which produced by MGG stained smears considered as good as Pap stained smears. The effect of rehydrated air-dried smears on Pap stain was produced bad staining quality compared to wet smears.
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    Nosocomial Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections at Some Hospitals in Khartoum State
    (university of khartoum, 2013) Elbadwi, Alaa Mohamadain Eltayeb
    Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is consistently identified as one of the most important agents of nosocomial infections because of its presence in hospital environment. The presence of increased antibiotic resistance among the common causal agents of nosocomial Pseudomonas infections and the appearance of new strains of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing organisms in clinical infections can result in treatment failure. This study aimed to isolate, identify the different Pseudomonas species associated with nosocomial infections, determine their antibiotic sensitivity and test for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing strains. Methodology: This is an observational hospital based study carried out during the period from February 2010 to September 2012 in a total of 215 patients attending Khartoum State Hospitals. Identification of the isolates was done based on cultural characteristics and the reactions standard biochemical tests. All the isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. The screening for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase production was done by using double disk synergy test. Result: Two hundred and fifteen Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were collected. ( n = 126) (58.6%) from Khartoum Teaching Hospital, (n = 45) (20.9%) from Military Educational Hospital and (n = 44) (20.5%) from Soba University Hospital. Of the 215 patients, (n = 158) (73.5%) were males and (n = 57) (26.5%) were females. These specimens were collected from different anatomical sites included wounds (n = 158) (73.5%), urines (n = 44) (20.5 %), effusions (n = 5) (2.3%), ears swab, blood, sputum and biopsies (n = 2) (0.9%) each. The highest infection rate were reported in general surgery (n = 64) (29.8%) and orthopedic (n = 54) (25.1%). Imipenem (n = 206) (95.8%) was the most active antibiotic against Pseudomonas aeruginosa followed by amikacin (n = 193) (89.8 %). All Pseudomonas aeruginosa which were either totally or of intermediate resistant to ceftazidime (n =70) (32.5%) were tested for the production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL). None of which was ESBL producer.