علاقات السودان السياسية والثقافية مع شمال إفريقيا فــي الفــــترة مــن (1958 م – 1985م)

Abstract

This study handled the Sudan’s political and cultural relations, with North Africa , in the period 1958 – 1985. The research problem was represented by the non-existence of basics, for Sudanese foreign policy; as it changes according to the changes from democratic, to comprehensive systems. This cause the lack of confidence, amongst some others, and greatly affected the political and cultural relations, especially with North Africa. The study aimed at knowing the basic information about the North Africa States. And the Sudan’s political and cultural relations with them. Likewise, it covered the causes of the obstacles and deficiency in those relations, the stands of the Sudanese diplomacy vis-à-vis the North Africa States issues and to what extend did the Sudan achieve success in its political and cultural relations, with North Africa. The significance of the study is that it may be considered as an addition and a new contribution to the history of Sudan with North Africa. The historical –descriptive- analytic approach, was used to review and analyze the data which were collected from the published and unpublished documents, some secondary sources and references, the periodicals , the personal interviews and the internet. The most important Findings: 1. The fluctuations of the military governments ( the Abboud’s government and Nimery’s government, (1958-1964) for the first, and (1969-1985) for the second, in their relations with the Eastern and Western Blocks, had affected the stream of the Sudanese foreign policy, positively and negatively. 2. The democratic governments ( 1964-1969), were busy with the party conflicts and competition over power . Therefore, policy, in their epoch, did not receive its due attention. 3. The Sudan’s political and cultural relations, with North Africa, had witnessed great development and success. Yet , sometimes, it was exposed to stagnation. But such development and success, had assisted in building powerful relations with North Africa, on the basis of fruitful relations, in the succeeding periods, within the limits of the study. The most important recommendations: 1. Adoption of the policy of openness, in the foreign policy of the Sudan, for gaining the confidence of all, while adherence to the policy non-alignment. 2. There is a need, to set basics, for the foreign policy, which may not change with the change of the regimes or systems., with the adherence of any new system, to the previously signed international treaties. 3. Cove for the developing of political relations, with all, as they are the basis for relations, in the other spheres, for the propose of supporting development, in all fields