Abstract:
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The T cell response was studied in 25 patients suffering from cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by
Leishmania major with severe (n = 10) and mild (n = 15) disease manifestations. Peripheral blood
mononuclear cells (PBMC) from the patients were activated by sonicates of Leishmania
promastigotes (LMP) and amastigotes (LDA), and the surface protease gp63. The proliferative
responses to Leishmania antigens were lower in patients with severe disease than in patients with
mild disease (P = 0 01-0-05), and such a difference was not observed in the response to purified
protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD) or tetanus toxoid (TT). LMP-induced interferon-gamma
(IFN--y) production was lower in patients with severe than in patients with mild disease (P < 0 05).
When the IL-4 and IFN-y responses of each patient were considered, two response patterns were
observed in the cultures activated by the Leishmania sonicates. One response pattern was
characterized by high production of IFN-y without production of IL-4 (a Thl-like pattern), the
other was characterized by low IFN-y levels which in most cases were associated with IL-4
production (not a Th I -like pattern). These patterns could not be distinguished when the cells from
the same donors were stimulated by TT and PPD. The percentages of patients with a Thl-like
response pattern after stimulation by LMP in patients with severe and mild disease manifestations
were 30% and 80%, respectively. This difference was statistically significant (P = 0.034). |