Abstract:
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This research aims at investigating the present situation of residential buildings
in Greater Khartoum, and to evaluate them using a sustainable assessment
method. The problems of residential buildings that are to be investigated are
environmental problems in the indoor and outdoor environment and services in
Greater Khartoum. The methodology of the research starts by reviewing the
principles of ecological design; the suitable passive solutions for hot-dry
climates; the conditions of the case studies; the environmental assessment
methods; previous methods adopted to evaluate the case studies; and the
quantitative, the qualitative and sustainable assessment methods. The previous
methods are not applicable to the case study conditions; hence, reflecting the
identified eco building principles to the case study conditions, and then
rationalizing a new method of assessment that evaluates the residential areas in
the hot-dry climate of Greater Khartoum was the way forward. The proposed
assessment method contains eight main categories, which are sustainable site,
indoor environmental quality, outdoor thermal control, building form, materials
and resources, water supply and drainage systems, power supply system and
environmental design process.
The system has a scale -2,-1, 0, +1, +2 and a total points of 125 points, the
research studied forty-eight cases in the residential areas in Greater Khartoum
that were selected according to the certain criteria. The method has a scale of
points for evaluation; main categories and sub issues contribute towards
achieving points to get the result of evaluation for the building. The evaluation is
range from excellent, very good, good and weak. The field work includes the
criteria of selecting of the samples, method of documentation, method of
analysis, and presenting the data in tables and figures, then the discussion
conclusion and recommendations. The research outlines that zero of the case
studies were excellent, 20.8% of the cases studies were good, 25% of the case
studies were pass and 54% were weak. The analysis of buildings showed good
results in sustainable site, outdoor thermal control and indoor environmental
control; and weak results in building forms, materials and resources, drainage
and water supply systems, power supply systems, and environmental process for
first group. However, it showed weak results in all categories in the areas of the
third group. The research proposed a sustainable evaluation method in order to
evaluate the sustainable- eco-buildings in residential buildings in Greater
Khartoum; and general conclusions for the areas of the study in the main
categories are set in the conclusions and recommendations in urban, house,
construction, services and community levels and global challenges for future
research are set up to be applied in sustainable ecological buildings in Greater
Khartoum. |