مشكله شح المياه فى مدينه بورتسودان

Abstract

The study discussed the problem of Port Sudan Water shortage during the period 1983-2003, this period has been selected because the problem has been exacerbated and had an environmental, economic and social implications to the city and the services. The research studied the main problem of water shortage taking in consideration water resources, storage, distribution and consumption etc. and found out that the reasons are natural and human. The physical formation of the city affected on the abundance of water resources, and water consumption increased due to rural urban migration. To know the effects of water shortage, the study used more than one approach; the historical descriptive, holistic statistical economic political, besides interviewing the authorities in an individual and collective way, analyzed a sample from the tanks water of the Rail Way and Refugees, and the result is that the water tank of the refugees of no use for human usage because of the increase of the percentage of Nitrogen Carbohydrates that causes a bad smell and change in the taste of water because of the dead organisms. The study also used a questionnaire to determine the economic and social effects of water shortage, classified the squares of the city, according to availability of water, to three groups these are: squares with available water supply, squares of medium water supply and those of shortage. Findings of the study are many, of which is that this shortage is a hindrance to the development of the city regardless its strategic location and its economic role, shortage of water supply affected economic, social, services and environmental fields. The policies followed in solving the problem are only palliatives that appear during the crisis and disappear when there is little water spared, and that sophisticated the solution of the problem. Therefore one of the recommendations of the study is calling the government to give more attention to the solution of the water problem in the city by providing enough money whether from inside or outside. Also the study recommends that more attention should be given to electricity supply to guarantee the daily water supply so as to stop changing water to a commodity for exploitation and rapid pro.