Assessment of Antibacterial and Antifungal Effects of Extracts of Four Plants
Assessment of Antibacterial and Antifungal Effects of Extracts of Four Plants
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Date
2015-04-15
Authors
Mokhtar, Elnazeer
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Publisher
University of Khartoum
Abstract
The objective of this study was the determination of the antimicrobial
activity of ethanolic, aqueous and petroleum ether extracts of four native
plants [Acacia nilotica (Algrad) fruits, Psidum guajava (Guava) leaves,
Lawsonia inermis(Henna) leaves and Capparis decidua (Tundub) shoot]
against five bacterial and two fungalspecies. The bacterial species were
Bacillus subtilis,Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas
aeruginosaand Klebsiela pneumoniae; and the fungal species were
Aspergillus nigerand Candida albicans.
Using the cup-plate agar diffusion method, the antimicrobial activity of the
plant extracts (5%, 10%, 15% and 20% concentrations) was determined.
Acacia nilotica extracts showed the highest antimicrobial activity, followed
by those ofPsidum guajava, then Lawsonia inermis; and the extracts of
Capparis deciduawere the least active. Ethanolic extracts of the four plant
species showed the highest activity followed by aqueous extracts. Petroleum
ether extracts were almost inactive against all organisms tested.
The antibacterial activity of all extracts was far superior to their antifungal
activity. B. subtilis was the most susceptible bacterium followed by S.
aureusand then E. coli. Of the two fungal species, C. albicanswas much
more susceptible than A. niger, which showed susceptibility only to
ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Acacia nilotica.
When the antibacterial activity of the plant extracts was compared with that
of known antibacterial agents, the plant extracts werein most cases more
v
active. However, the antifungal activity of the plant extracts was more
inferior to that of known antifungal agents.
Description
91 Pages
Keywords
Antibacterial,Antifungal Effects, Extracts,Plants