جيومورفولوجية بعض الأودية الموسمية شرق وغرب نهرالنيل بولاية الخرطوم

Abstract

This case study deals with the seasonal "Valleys" east and west of the River Nile in Khartoum State. It describes the general geomorphological features of these valleys and the morphometric study of the drainage of the networks, thereof, in order to see the similarities and differences between these valleys, and the possibility of making use of these in the future The study adopts several approaches for data collection such as the historical, descriptive and analytical approaches. Field work and frequent visits to these valleys represented the major method of data collection as well as the interviews, imagery and topographical maps. The study also included some diagrams and photographs. The study comes in five chapters. Chapter one consists of research methodology such as the introduction, research plan, and literature review. Chapter two deals with the theoretical framework; chapter three presents and discusses the geographical study of the valleys, and the geomorphological and morphometric interpretation and analysis of the valleys drainage network, whereas chapter five consists of the main findings, recommendations, and conclusion of the research. The study concluded that there are some similarities and differences between these valleys, and that the two factors, water and winds, are of major effect on these valleys geomorphology since the study area is in the arid and semi-arid. The similarities between these Valleys are in their general form and the distribution of vegetation. The differences are found, however, in the variation of the factors of erosion specially transport and deposition since it is mainly water in the east and wind in the west the thing that had a major influence in the formation of the environments of these valleys on both sides of the Nile according to the relative variation of the influence of these factors, in addition to the quantities, types and distribution of deposits, and the difference in the type of vegetation. The study also showed the effect of the differences of geological nature on both sides of the Nile in the form of surface flow and the extent and effectiveness the factors of erosion, deposition, and weathering in the formation of the course of these valleys.