A Dissertation Submitted In Partial Fulfillment Of The Requirement

Abstract

Sudan is a unique country which lies in Africa and has boundaries with nine African and Arabic countries. These vast boundaries eased immigration to Sudan from the surrounding countries which had its tangible impacts upon the increase of population in Sudan. Also, it worth mentioning, the internal immigration to Khartoum, the capital, from the surrounding regions shared an active part in increasing the population in Khartoum Metropolitan Area. With the increasing ratio of population in the metropolitan area, which leads to the increase of consumption and purchasing power, together with the existence of labor as a result of internal and external migrations, several industries had been established. These industries were located amongst certain areas due to some leading factors. Among the factors that lead to the establishment of these industries in Khartoum Metropolitan Area we find that low cost of production due to the provision of the basic infrastructure beside the fluent marketing system. These factors, as examples, had lead to the increase of the industrial areas in Khartoum Metropolitan Area. Most of these industries were established and distributed without proper and essential planning considerations. As a consequence of such improper distribution of industries many environmental problems had emerged and had a black shadow on different environmental issues. This study tries to investigate and assess the environmental impacts resulted from the improper distribution of industries amongst Khartoum Metropolitan urban area. The study took place in certain areas which are: Khartoum Industrial Area, Khartoum North Industrial Area and Omdurman Industrial Area, with special focus on Omdurman area as it represents the main study area of tanning industry in Khartoum Metropolitan area. Choice of tanning industry was set depending on certain criteria such as the future importance, vitality and Viability of this industry on the Sudanese economy. On the other hand, this industry has its severe environmental impacts which should be investigated and revealed. Field work included questionnaires, worksheets, setting maps, voice records for citizens, photographs as well as observation.