Activity Of Pimpinella Anisumand Hydnora Abissynicaagainst Bacteria Associated With Child Diarrhoea

Abstract

The main objective of this study was to determine bacteria associated with child diarrhoea, and to testing the isolates sensitivity to some antibiotics that commonly used for treatment of child diarrhoea and two medicinal plant used in folkloric medicine for treatment of child diarrhoea. A total of fifty-one faecal samples were collected from children suffering from acute watery and bloody diarrhoea at Omdurman Pediatric Teaching Hospital. The collected faecal samples were cultured onto and into deferential and selective media (MacConkey's agar and Selenite-F-broth) using streaking method for solid mediumand inoculation for broth medium. The streaked and inoculatedmedia were incubated at ٣٧ o C overnight. Then the isolates were subcultured on Salmonella- Shigella(S.S) agar from the Selenite-F-broth. The primary cultures were purified and then identified. Sensitivity of the isolated bacteria tosix antibiotics and two medicinal plant were examined. Eighty- nine bacteria strains were isolated from the faecal samples examined. All isolates had the same Gram's reaction and all of them were Gram-negative and belonged to Enterobacteriaceae family except one isolate. Biochemical tests revealed ٣٦of the isolates were Escherichia coli indicating E.coliwas the predominant isolate (٧٠٫٥٪) associated with child diarrhoea. Nine (١٧٫٧٪) Serratia polymuthica,٩(١٧٫٧٪)Enterobacter cloaceae, ٧(١٣,٧٪) Klebsiella pneumoniae, ٥(٩٫٨٪) Serratia marcescence, ٥ (٩٫٨٪) Proteus mirabilis, ٤(٧٫٨٪)Klebsiella oxytoca, ٣(٥٫٩٪)Proteus vulgaris biogroup ٣, ٣(٥٫٩٪) Citrobacter freundii, ٣(٥٫٩٪)Providencia aclalifacient, ١(٢٪)Shigella dysentriae, ١(٢٪) Salmonella subgenus III, ١(٢٪) Salmonella subgenus IV and ١(٢٪)Yersinia intermedia were isoated. In addition ١(٢٪) Pseudomonas aeruginosawas isolated. The antibacterial activity of six antibiotics and two medicinal plant (Pimpinella anisumand Hydnora abissynica) extracts were examined against sixty- seven different isolates by cup- plate method. The results revealed, ١٠٪concentration of volatile oil extractions of Pimpinella anisum inhibited the growth of sixty- four (٩٥٫٥٪) of the isolates. Sixty-three (٩٤٪)and ٥٧(٨٥٫١٪) of isolates were inhibited at ١٪and ٠٫١٪ concentration of volatile oil of anise respectivelly. All water extracts of Hydnora abissynicadid not inhibit the growth of any isolates examined. The antibioticsexamined in this study varied in their ability to inhibit the growth of the isolated bacteria. Nalidixic acid was the most effective one, it inhibited the growth of ٩٤٪isolates tested, while Gentamycin was the second and inhibited the growth of ٩٢,٥٪of isolate tested and they followed by streptomycin which ihibited the growth of ٩١,٠٪of the tested isolates , but Penicillin was the least effective and inhibited the growth of only ٩(١٣,٤٪) of isolated bacteria tested.