Mapping The Malaria Vector an. arabiensisIn Khartoum state

Abstract

Members of the Anopheles gambiae complex are amongst the best malaria vectors in the world. A largescale sampling was carried out in various bioclimatic domains of Khartoum State to identify and map distribution of the malaria vector species composition (Diptera: Culicidae) from July to December 2005. Sampling took place at 24 malaria vectors control locations representing most geographical & ecological situation and 3.725 larvae were collected. Mosquito larvae collected from eleven selected locations were reared and all the tests were carried out using standard bioassay procedures on non-blood fed (1-3) day's old female that emerged from field collected-larvae. Two species were identified, An. arabiensis (98.1%) and An. pharoensis (1.9%). An. arabiensis was found susceptible to 1% Fenitrothion and 0.1% Bendiocarb and possibly resistant to 4% DDT, 5% Malathion & 0.75% Permethrin. Despite the huge environmental (mainly man-made) changes in Khartoum State, the distribution of An. arabiensis appears unchanged for the past 20 years. However, the situation in possibe resistance is still as known early in 1975. The distribution of An. arabiensis is predominant.