العمل والبيئة والتحول الصناعي

Abstract

This book was translated dividing it with another colleague who translated the first part. I translated the second part which starts from page 91 up to the end. This part embodies some chapters which could be summarized as follows: Chapter Six: discuss on this section some of the implications for jobs and workers in the automobile industry of new production technologies which have been introduced recently and it embodies: - The new Technologies. - Job displacement and Employment Impacts of New Technology. - The Effects of New Technologies on Skill Levels and Job Content. - Technological Change and the Industrial Relation System. - The Fordist Labor Relation System. - Towards a New Flexible Industrial Relations System. - Basic Elements of Nummi-Type Agreements. Chapter Seven: Conceptualizing Processes of Skill Change: it discusses: - Labor Process Theory and the Analysis of Skill Change. - The Nature of Skill and Narrowness of Labor Process Research. - The Local Labor Market and the Notion of Skill Pool. - Developing a Local Labor Market Prospective. - Labor Demand. - Labor Supply - Subcontracting, local labor markets and skills - Skill supply and the trade unions - State Regulations, training infrastructures and local skill configuration. Chapter 8: the changing Organization of Labor and its Impacts on Daily Activities. This chapter attempts to show the constraints and incentives shaping the organization of labor in Polish industry. It embodies: - Structural Change in Employment and the Role of Technological Change. - Table 8-1: Selected characteristics of employment in socialized industry in Gniezno, the Poznan region and Poland. - Table 8-2: Retired employees of sixteen industrial plants in Gniezno. - Space- Time Budgets and Constraints. - Figure 8.1: The spatial structure of industrial workplaces in Gniezno. 15 - Figure 8.2: Distance traveled to work by the employees of three plants in different zones. - Figure 8.3: The influence of nearby Poznan and of former political boundaries on the spatial pattern of commuting to the sugar refinery in Gniezno. Chapter Nine: Spatial implications of Unionization, Employment and Labor Activism. It discusses the collective action by unions and it regulatory function on the labor market and it contains: - Some Determining aspects of Labor Unionism. - Labor Activism: Strikes and Factory Occupation. - Table 9-1: The effects on union growth of the shift to white-collar jobs in six European countries. - Table 9-2: Theoretical views on (a low) strike activity. - Table 9-3: Some important factors at the emergence and at the extension of factory occupation. - Spatial patterns of Unionism. - Table 9-4: The degree of unionism in ten European countries, 1950- 1980. - The Business Cycle and Labor Activism. - Figure 9.1: The degree of union membership as a percentage of the workforce in the Netherlands and in three sub-regions, 1951- 1981. - Income Development. - Figure 9.2: The level of labor organization in the Netherlands in 1951- 1981. - Job Opportunities. - Labor Activism. - Figure 9.3: Annual growth of income per capita in three subregions in the Netherlands, 1950 – 1981. - Figure 9.4: Three regions of stable unemployment in the Netherlands 1950- 1981. - Figure 9.5: The average and variation of the length of strikes in the Netherlands in terms of the number of lost days, 1950 - 1981. - Figure 9.6: The relative number of strikes by provinces in the Netherlands, 1950 – 1981. - Regional Patterns of Urban-industrial Change. - Table 9-5: Factory occupations by province, 1965-1982. Table 10: Strategies in Local Communities to Cope with Industrial Restructuring. It embodies: - Corporate Coping Strategies. - Local Initiatives during Recessions. - Case Studies: Social and economic Coping Strategies. 16 - Bromont: A High-Technology Centre. - Table 10-1: Job loss and gain among major employees in Bromont, Valleyfield and Windsor, Quebec Province. - Windsor: A Pulp-Mill Town. - Valleyfield: A Mixed Industry Settlement. - Table 10-2: Principal activities of the production workforce in Bromont, Valleyfield and Windwor , 1981( percent)