Molecular Genetic Identification of Some WheatCultivars in the Sudan

Abstract

Four wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, namely Condor, El-Neileen, Wadi El Neil and Debeira were characterized on biochemical and molecular bases. The biochemical ones were protein-banding patterns, using sodium dodecylsulfate -polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and isozymes to identify the biochemical genetic fingerprint of the four cultivars. Water-soluble protein- banding pattern showed no polymorphisms among the tested cultivars. The data from starch gel electrophoresis of enzymes, malate dehydrogenase (MDH), esterase (EST) and acid phosphotase (ACPH) showed that the cultivars are monomorphic. Further trials to identify the molecular genetic fingerprints of the studied cultivars were carried out using RAPD-PCR. Twenty-five primers were tested to perform. RAPD- PCR analysis. From the PCR products, a phylogenetic map, i.e., dendrogram, was constructed for the studied cultivers which depicted two groups. The first group contained Wadi El Neil and Debeira with 48.4% similarity, and the second group contained Condor and El-Neileen with 100% similarity. There was no similarity between Condor and Debeira (100% dissimilarity). Therefore, these data can be used subsequently for genetic engineering research and for wheat breeding programmes in the Sudan.