القيم الخلقية بين الإرثين الثقافيين الإغريقي والإسلامى

Abstract

The cultural set up which is generated by the encount er between the islamic civiligastion which sprong out of the new creed on one side and the civiligation with which the mus lims established contacts in addition to the problems which imposed themselelves at the in time instigated this research there is also the greet impact of the greek civilistion on the muslim philosophers yet alghazali in his initial thinking departed from islam despit the fact that the greek heritage was more in fuluential in his thought. The reserarch is composed of five chapters: • Chapter one: handled the concept of moral in agenral way in adelitions to moral values in islam • Chapter tow: discussed the initiation of morality, its development and scope. • Chapter three: dealt with the concept of morals as exposed by Aristotle who represented the realistic experiment or materialistic philosophy which made the mind a material and spirit in addition to its power to detect the moral value -I.e. the proper value from the improper one and to distinguish between good and evil . 16 • Chapter four: deliberated al-ghazalis concept of morality the definition of morals and their purpose at handled what was wrItten in this realm as he cared much for this topic. In essence it could be said that he had recorded the moral sciences and their artistic flair. on the light of the Iaslamic teachings. And the Quranic principles. This can be clearly Seen in his books:ihyaq ulum se-din. Migan AL-Amal .and his message ayoha AL-Wald. • Chapter five: heed acomparison between aristotle .and alghazali. Was founded. thus emphasis were made on condueting specified comparison between the treat ment of al-ghazali -to the moral values and that of aristotle. In this context the point of agreement and dilference between them were exposed. The research tried to show that despite the deep influence of the greek philosophy on the thought of AL- ghazali .he still remained Faithful to the islamic reference this is not available with aristotle who link between moral and education this linkage remaind more power fule with al-ghazali .and was imposed by his islamic opinion .especially the sufist doctrine.on another side. If it was easy to say that aristolles analysis of values was apure mental one .yet.on the other 17 side. It is found that al-ghazali considers that such mental analysis had been mixed. In afabulous way with religious vision . This religious vision is the point of departune of al-ghazali. Naturally, this does not mean that the religious approach for treating moral s megates the mental (or mind s) dimension. But what is ment to be said, is that Al-ghazali- view moral as avital part of the islamic creed . Al- ghazali.in his moral vision was completely coherent and cohesive. He exprssed his islamic vision in away which makes morals the axis of every thing, to the extent that it could be said that the concept of morals and that of religious ness are concurrent in his thought.