Susceptibility of Anopheles Arabiensis and Culex Quinquefasciatus Larvae to Some Control Agents in Khartoum State.

Abstract

Abstract In this study the susceptibility of the larvae of Anopheles arabiensis and Culex quinquefasciatus, in Khartoum State to some controlling agents was determined. These agents included two insecticides, plant extracts, a bacterial endotoxin and a larvivorous fish. The chemical insecticide Temephos (abate) was found to be the most potent agent tested, in terms of LC50 and LC95, followed by Bacillus thurinqiensis H-14 endotoxin and then the methanol extract of the seeds of the local plant (Habat-el-Molluk) Jatropha curcas against Culex larvae. In case of Anopheles larvae the B. thuriqniensis H-14 endotoxin was more potent than Temephos which was in turn more potent than Jatropha methanol extract. Jatropha seeds water extract was much less potent than the alcohol extract. The juvenile hormone mimic, Adeal, as a new type of chemical insecticides, was found to be very effective against the two species. It affected the pupal stage more than the larval and adult stages. The consumption rates of the larvae of the two species by Gambusia affinis fish were investigated and proved to increase with age and length of the fish. The fish was found to prefer mosquito larvae to the clam shrimps when they were offered together. Results obtained were presented in tabular and graphical forms. The relevant statistical data fort each table were also presented .The significance of the results were discussed and recorded in relation to integrated vector control strategies in Sudan