دراسة السلوك الغذائي ونمط الحياة المرتبطين بالإصابة بمرض فرط ضغط الدم بولاية الخرطوم

Abstract

The aim of this research is the study of the nutritional behavior and life pattern and their association with hypertension. The research sample was composed of 250 in – and outpatients in Khartoum, Khartoum North and Omdurman Teaching Hospitals. Analytical descriptive curriculum was used in this research .Data collection was done through interviews and questionnaire. Blood pressure and body parameters (weight and height) were measured for each patient and the nutritional behaviour of patient was identified. The sample members were divided into three groups on the basis of the degree of blood pressure (mild , medium , high ) in accordance with the WHO classification ( 1997) the data was statistically analyzed and the X2- test was used to determine association between the different variables and the degree of blood pressure. Results of Statistical analysis revealed that 60% of the patients suffered from high level blood pressure, 30% suffered from medium level blood pressure, while 8% suffered from mild level blood pressure .The study also revealed very strong relation (p = 0.001) between hypertension and each of the following variables: advanced age, irritable social state, increase in family size, low status and type of residential area, over weight and to excessive intake of salt, salted foods and meat . The study had also revealed strong relation (p = 0.01) between hypertension and each of the following variables : self-employed ,low income, water pollution, physical inactivity , excessive intake of whole milk, tea and coffee , little intake of fruit and vegetables , irregularity in the meals intake , suffering from choronic diseases and the type of drugs used. On the other hand, the study revealed weak relation between hypertension and each of the following variables : low education, alcohol intake and life pressures . The Study recommended the following : The necessity of changing life pattern and nutritional habits such as excessive intake of fat and salt, the necessity of periodic check – up of blood pressure, the practice of sport activities and the control of emotional reactions.The study had also recommended the initiation of specialized centres for family care and the early discovery of the disease.