A Study On Bovine Mastitiswith Special Reference To Corynebacteria Infection In Kuku Area, Khartoum State, Sudan

Abstract

The present study was conducted in dairy farms in kuku area (East Nile locality-Khartoum State) to investigate bovine mastitis and its related risk factors. According toone stage sampling, a total of 2283 milk samples were collected from 585 animals. All collected milk samples were examined for mastitis using CaliforniaMastitis Test (C.M.T). 224 samples (9.81%) were found positive to C.M.T, while 600 samples (26.28%) and 1459 samples (63.9%) were recoerded as doubtful and negative respectively. The over all prevalence of subclinical mastitis was 20.17% while clinical mastitis was 3.58%. 224 samples which were positive to (C.M.T) were cultured for bacterial growth. 205 bacterial isolates were recoverd from milk samples cultured. The isolated bacteria were Staphlococcus spp. (52.5%), Streptococcus spp. (12.3%), Enterobacter spp. (2%),Lactobacillus spp. (2%), Coryneformbacterium spp. (13.2%),Micrococcus spp. (4.9%), Pseudomonas spp. (5.9%),Bacillus spp. (4.9)and Aerococcus spp. (3.2%). The isolated corynebacteria were 27: Corynebacterium striatum 9 (33.3%),Arcanobacterium pyogene 4 (14.8%),Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis 2 (7.4%),Corynebacterium ulcerans 5 (18.5%), Corynebacterium bovis 7 (25.9%). Susceptibity of Corynebacteria isolated from mastitic milk to commonly used antibiotics was done using the disc diffusion test. All isolated Corynebacteria were found susceptible to gentamcyin. Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, Corynebacterium bovis were found to be highly sensitive to tetracycline, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, cloxacyline, cephalexin and ceflotoxine but all of Coryneforms found to be resistant to Penicillin (G) (100%). Individual cow and farm data were collected. The data analysis showed that age, stage of lactation, tick infestation, udder conformation, teat lesion and previous history of mastitis were significant for presence of mastitis (P<0.05). Application of odd ratio indicated that the above factors could be a risk factors for mastitis. A positive correlation was found between milk production and presence of mastitis (P<0.05). It could be concluded that bovine mastitis in Kuku area is a serious problem