The Fumigant Action Of Chinese Garlic Cultivar Volatile Oils Against Callosobruchus Maculatus (F.) And Bruchidius Incarnatus (Boh.), (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)

Abstract

This experiment was conducted at the Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum under laboratory conditions to study the efficacy of volatile oils extracted from the Chinese cultivar of garlic against two major pests of stored legumes in the Sudan. C. maculatus (F.), (adult stages) and B. incarnatus (Boh.) adult stages. The test insects were placed inside plastic cup (200 ml) contained within a tightly closed glass champer. Exposure periods vary between 6-72 hrs for all test insects. Different concentrations were used (0.1, 1, 10 and 20%) of garlic volatile oil. Efficacy was found related to dose and exposure period. The test insects were not recovered after five days; this indicated that they were very sensitive to garlic oil. C. maculatus was found more sensitive and it’s mortality reached 100% within 24 hrs, while B. incarnatus reached the same mortality 100% within 48 hrs. The relative superior sensitivity of C. maculatus was clear from the low LD50/LD90 value, the higher relative sensitivity and the higher line slopes. The results indicated that the fumigation by garlic volatile oil give a percentage of mortality vary according to concentration, exposure period and test species. The availability of garlic and its oil, its high degree of safety to mammals (being a commonly used in most human food), its easy preparation, and cheapness provide great incentive for its use after fulfilling necessary studies. Recommendation and future studies were outlined.