الطِّر ماح بن حكيم الطائى حياته وشعره

Abstract

The present research tackles the life of El-Tirimmah Ibn Hakim and his poetry, in four chapters. The first chapter treats Tai’ the tribe of El-Tirimmah. In the same chapter, the researcher tackles the Tai’s dependence, dwellings, and movements as nomads, as well as its famous personality. The researcher presents this chapter as an introductory one aiming at understanding the poetry of El-Tirimmah. In the second chapter, the researcher treats the linage or kinship and the family of El-Tirimmah. The researcher tried hard to determine the year of the birth and that of the death of El-Tirimmah. The researcher discusses the opinions on his religious school, which are unanimously describing him as being of El-Khawarij (rebellions). The research concluded that he was not part of them; he belongs to the Sunnite and the Muslim Community: one of the Umayyad adherents. Chapter 3 (the following one) was developed in an objective way, the artistic elements of the poetry of El-Tirimmah. The researcher studied the various chapters of his poetry looking for the psychological motives behind this poem or that one. It appeared to the researcher that the poet nearly focused his efforts on the chapter on description, followed by the chapters on honor and satire. In his descriptive text, the poet did nothing but imitating the contemporary poets or those preceded them. The same arguments could be forwarded, while tacking about his gallant poems, which were, but rarely, without emotions or real experience. Maybe, the most true and sincere poems were those on his honor and the honor of his clan and tribe. Honor and arrogance engaged him in a false fabricated honor battle against El-Farazdak, from Tamim tribe who attacked him with some satiric poems; then dropped the question seeing him as not equivalent to him. Then the researcher tackled the poems on stories and mystery or enigma, which were of the bedwin culture that El-Tirimmah tried hard to represent in his poetry, mainly in the chapter on description. The researcher concluded this chapter by treating the subchapters on wisdom, pathos, pity and admonition ،which were not largely tackled by the poet. The researcher treated the final chapter in which he discussed many issues, the first of which was the style and the arguments of El-Tirimmah, reviewing some opinions of the ancient critics and the modern ones, who think that El- Tirimmah could not be a model in syntax or Arabic language. The researcher pointed out that these opinions were excessive, because he find that many grammarians refer to his texts and forward some verse of his poetry as example for good Arabic style. The second issue was the items stolen by him and his being affected by those who preceded him or the contemporary ones. To be more objective, the researcher pointed out those who depended on him such as Abu Tammam and El-Mutanabbi. The researcher concluded this chapter by tackling the opinion of the ancient and the modern criticism on his poetry. Praise be to Allah, and his prayers be upon prophet Muhammad, hoping to have access to him, and the prayer of Allah be upon our fathers, prophets Ibrahim and Isamiel, as well as upon the other Messengers and prophets of Allah