Pathological and bacteriological Changes of Lungs one Humped Camels condemned at Tamboul andNyala abattoirs, Sudan

Abstract

This study was carried out in Central region of the Sudan (Tamboul abattoir) and Western region (Nyala abattoir) to investigate the condemnation causes of camel’s lung. Two hundreds and six camel lungs were inspected at post-mortem in both areas (136 camels in Tamboul and 70 camels in Nyala abattoir). The survey revealed different causes of camel’s lung condemnation with slight variations between the two areas of survey. The main causes of lung condemnation in Tamboul were found to be parasitic (Hydatidosis) 40.4%, pneumonia 19.1%, caseated nodules 8.8%, emphysema 6.6%, necrosis 5.9%, fibrosis 4.4%, abscess 2.9%, aspirated blood 2.2% and adhesions 1.5%. In Nyala the causes of condemnation were found to be, Hydatidosis 61.4%, pneumonia 31.4%, fibrosis 12.9%, abscess 8.5%, caseated nodules 5.7%, fibrosis 12.9% and emphysema 2.9%. Grossly 35.7% of the total hydatidosis infection (98 lungs) were found to be associated with other pathological lesions. Nevertheless, the adjacent hydatid cyst sections showed pueumonia changes viz; emphysema, oedema, atelectasis, alveolar congestion, peribronchial lymphoid tissue hyperplasia and interstitial pneumonia. pneumonic causes were . detected as 32% of the total condemnations and the microorganisms involved were, Staphylococcus spp. 27.9%, Corynebacterium spp. 13.9%, Streptococcus spp. 13.9%, Bacillus spp. 12.8%, Pneumococcus spp. 11.8%, Enterobacteria spp. 9.6%, Micrococcus spp. 6.4%, Haemophilus spp. 2.1%, Actinomyces spp. 1.07%, Pasteurella spp 1.07% and Pseudomonas spp 1.07%. Experimental infections in rats with different representative isolates were conducted using intraperitoneal, intramuscular and subcutaneous routes. The numbers of organisms inoculated per one ml range from 1.1×109 CFU ml to 8.8×107 for Gram positive organisms and from 1.6×107 CFU/ml to 4.8×108 CFU/ml for Gram negative organisms.The inoculated isolates did not produce deaths in rats up to 15- 17 days post inoculation. However, post-mortem findings in some rats inoculated intraperitoneally showed congestion of lungs, heart, liver, liver fatty change, hydropic degeneration of kidneys and visceral congestion. The histopathology of pneumonic bacterial sections showed purulent bronchopneumonia, abscessation, haemorrhages, fibrinous pneumonia, granulomatous and interstitial pneumonias. The sections from pneumonic lungs that did not reveal bacterial growth, showed interstitial pneumonia, bronchopneumonia, congestion, oedema, atelectasis and emphysema. The mediastinal lymph nodes sections stained with H&E showed various degrees of lymphadenitis. The other mediastinal lymph node sections which stained with Zeihl Neelson stain revealed acid fast tubercle bacilli in one section.