Camel Abscesses in the Red Sea State of the Sudan
Camel Abscesses in the Red Sea State of the Sudan
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Date
2015-04-18
Authors
Mohammed, Amel
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Abstract
The study was carried out inthe Red Sea State to investigate incidence
of camels’ abscesses using clinical and pathological investigations. The
animals were surveyed between June 2005 toSeptember, 2006. During this
period, 6,677 live and 287 slaughtered camels of both sexes and different age
groups were examined in seven localities in the Red Sea State. These
municipalities were Port Sudan, Elgonoub and Elaolib, Suakin, Gabeat
Madden, Sinkat, Dourdeab and Haya.
It was found that 630 (9.05 %)of the examined camels had abscesses.
Superficial abscesses constituted 444 (6.64%) outof 6677. The highest
number of abscesses 83.33% was found in camels brought to the clinic
followed by 4.96% camels examined atthe veterinaryquarantine. The most
frequently affected sites were ventral superficial cervical nodes, fore limbs
and hind limbs.
Port Sudan slaughterhouse was regularly visited for inspection of
external and internal abscesses. A total of 275 lesions were encountered in
186 camel carcasses .Fifteen (5.22%) abscesses were located in superficial
parts in live animals. Internal abscesses constituted about 186 (64.8%) out of
287 and were seen in 44 (16.29%) in the lungs, 24 (8.88%) in the liver
parenchyma and 202 (73.45%) in the lymph nodes.
Statistical analysis of the incidence of abscesses indicated that the
overall mean was 26.4±0.041. The mean incidence in the Veterinary clinic
and slaughterhouse was 46.3±0.08 and 43.2±0.08 and were significantly
higher fromthose in the veterinary quarantine (3.5 %±0.08) and Port Sudan
(12.4 ± 0.08). The mean number of female camels affected with abscesses
XIX
was (18.9±0.07) and the mean number of affected males was (17.3±0.07).
There was no significant difference between the two sexes.
The condemnations records of Port Sudan slaughterhouse showed that
out of 2527 slaughtered camels during the period of records , 14(0.55%) were
totally condemned and 1628 (64.2%) were partially condemned. The mean
percent of partial condemnations due to other lesions (37.2±8.05) was
significantly higher fromthe meancondemnation due to abscesses
(7.55±8.05).
From459 samples collected in RedSea State (both field and
slaughterhouse), 365 (79.5%) samples were positive for bacterial growth and
94 (20.5%) samples were negative. Gram-positive bacteria isolates were 351
(62.9%) identified as 140 (25.08%) Staphylococcus spp, 75 (١٣.٤٤%)
Streptococcus spp, 54 (9.67%)Bacillus spp, 39 (6.98%) Micrococcus spp, 22
(3.94%)Corynebacterium spp, 12 (2.15%) Enterococcusspp, 7 (1.25%)
Kurthia sppand 2 (0.35%) Actinomyces spp.
The Gram-negative bacteria isolates were 207 (37.1%) identified as 92
(16.48%) Escherichia spp, 30 (5.37%) Proteus spp, 19 (3.4%) Klebsiellaspp,
18 (3.22%) Enterobacter spp, 15 (2.68%) Moraxella spp, 11(1.97%) Vibrio
spp, 7 (1.25%) Acinetobacter spp, 7 (1.25%) Citrobacter spp, 5 (0.89%)
Shewenellaspp, 2 (0.35%) Pasteurella spp, and 1(0.17%) Pseudomonas spp.
Abscesses were observed mainly inlymph nodes, lungs and livers.
Necrosis, fibrosis and calcification can be seen in association with chronic
abscesses which were confirmed histopathologically.
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Description
194 Pages
Keywords
Camel Abscesses ; Red Sea State,Sudan;Pseudomonas;Postmortem inspection;Bronchial lymph nodes;By red heat;Bacteriological media;Peptone water;Nutrient agar