Wastewater Management in a Food processing Plant in Khartoum, Sudan
Wastewater Management in a Food processing Plant in Khartoum, Sudan
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Date
2015-05-03
Authors
Ahmed, Ghada Badreldin Ibrahim
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Publisher
University of Khartoum
Abstract
Processes and systems using water today are being subjected to
increasingly stringent environmental regulations on effluents and there is
growing demand for fresh water. This study was conducted in a factory of
carbonated soft drinks in Khartoum North industrial area. The aim of the
study is to identify all the processes using fresh water, then minimize the
water consumption in these processes, also to develop a wastewater
management system by studying the possibility of reuse, recycling and
treatment.
During the year of 2007-2008 , the water consumption was (1900
m3 /day) and the wastewater generated was (1300 m3 /day), also samples
of wastewater were collected and analyzed in order to evaluate the
existing conditions of the waste and to determine the impact of each
activity inside the plant on the effluent quantity and quality .
The results of the analysis of wastewater samples from the final effluent
were compared with the discharge standards to the public sewer of the
Sudanese Standards & metrology Organization(SSMO).
The results showed that – with the exception of few cases – the quality
of wastewaters generated falls within the specified limits . However the
operating SWI is considered high (4.13 m3 per m3 of final product)
consequently the amount of wastewater discharge – which is 69% of the
water intake – is high . The bottle washer is the main source of
wastewater (69% from the final effluent) with high values of Chemical
oxygen demand(3200 mg/L) , Total dissolved solids (2900mg/L) and
pH(10.26). The factory has a pretreatment unit (precipitation tanks)
which reduces the Total dissolved solids (from 790 to 350 mg/L) , Total
suspended solids (from 450 to 100 mg/L) and also reduces the Chemical
oxygen demand (from 695 to 120 mg/L.
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It is recommended to segregate The bottle washer wastewater and
treat it separately to reduce the TDS,COD and pH values.
Also to reuse of the wastewater generated from the back wash in other
activities that do not require a high quality of water such as floor washing
and irrigation of the green yards in the plant.
Description
109 Pages
Keywords
Wastewater;Food;processing;Plant; Sudan; Environmental Management System; Lagoon Systems; Solids; Treatment