Assessment of Critical Control Point in Dairy Farms in Khartoum State, Sudan
Assessment of Critical Control Point in Dairy Farms in Khartoum State, Sudan
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Date
2014-02
Authors
Siddeeg, Ranya
Elamin, Atif
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
University of Khartoum
Abstract
An attempt was made to apply Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points
(HACCP) system in dairy farms in Khartoum State and to suggest control
limits based on the international standard. World Health Organization and
Food and Agriculture Organization recommended the HACCP system as
a modern tool for disease prevention. Critical points were investigated in
150 farms using California Mastitis Test and Rose Bengal Plate Test for
detection of bovine mastitis and brucellosis, respectively. The results
revealed that the overall prevalence rates of bovine mastitis and
brucellosis were 69.3% and 36%, respectively. Other critical points were
obtained from the owners of the dairy farms by a questionnaire, using
non-probability sampling method or willingness of the owners for
interview. Tick infestation was found in 94% of the farms which could be
a risk factor and the application of the odds ratio (OR) was 1.694. The use
of antibiotics for treatment of animals was, also, practiced in 54.7% of the
farms. The critical points associated with environment in dairy farms and
distribution of milk in Khartoum State was investigated, using a
questionnaire survey and non probability sampling method. The condition
of beddings was poor in 70% of the dairy farms. Absence of cleaning and
disinfection of the teats were recorded in 108 and 104 farms, respectively.
Furthermore, distribution of the milk depended on either vehicle without
chilling (50.7%) or donkey carts (49.3%). Quantification of the risk
indicated that hand washing of the milkers could be a risk factor (OR =
2.574), while the condition of the housing as well as the distribution of the
milk could be a protective factor (OR=0.383 and 0.278, respectively). In
conclusion, many critical points associated with animals or environment
were observed in dairy farms in Khartoum State. Diseases of animals
included infectious and zoonotic disease, flies and tick infestation, use of
antibiotics for treatment and absence of veterinary care. The critical points
associated with environment were poor hygiene during handling, storage
and distribution of the milk. Moreover, the control limits for all
mentioned critical points were as follow: Access to veterinary service,
vectors control, improvement of general hygiene in the dairy farms during
different practices taking in consideration the low temperature during
storage and distribution of the milk.
Description
This paper had been presented for promotion at the University of Khartoum. To get the full text please contact the other at ranyavet@hotmail.com
Keywords
Critical control points; dairy farms; Khartoum State; Sudan